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In the first case it simply depends on the name of the person to whom it is named: if his/her name was gouan or gouani and simply add an -i. If its named after Antouine Gouan, a French naturalist, then it must be gouani.

In the second case the species name may be changed for instance when the genus name is altered. The latin adjectives usually have three extensions: -us (male), -a (female) or -um (neutral). Basically this extension of the species-name must correspond with the gender of the genusname. There are, hower, exceptions, for instance words ending with -cola. These are considered nouns. So when the genusname is altered the species name will still ends with -cola.