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I have no clue about the identity of this larva, which was found at the same location as my Dolichopodidae pupa (i.e. brackish ditch, Ouddorp, The Netherlands, 4.v.2010).
The posterior spiracles are placed dorsally on the terminal segment and the anterior spiracle is threadlike with some pores.

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and some details of the anterior spiracle

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Compare with Ephydridae, for example Nostima approximata as figured in Ferrar (1987: fig. 32.155). I'd say the spitting image.

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Dear Paul
I can agree with Nostima, it resembles Nostima in Ferrar very much, even the prothoracic spiracle looks the same. However, There is no species of Nostima mentioned in the Dutch checklist (Beuk 2002). Has there been some nomenclatoric changes or is there a genus that is close to Nostima? to which tribe/subfamily does Nostima belong to?

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Nostima picta is included in the list under Philygria.
See for example:
http://diptera.in...ad_id=8996
http://www.dipter...d_id=26566

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Then Philygria spec. is fine?

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I guess so... ;)

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Philygria is the closest genus. I have found figure for larvae but a contour of dorsal view only. Anterior spiracles are with 5 simple branches. Try to look at "Biology and immature stage of Lytogaster.....". Foote B.A. Proc. entomol. Soc. Wash. 1981. 83(2). p. 304-315. Anterior spiracles are the same as in Nostima. Lytogaster abdominalis is common in Europe.
The genus Nostima Coquillett, 1900, together with the genus Philygria Stenhammar, 1844, which were previously assigned to the tribe Philygriini, now are treated within the tribe Hyadinini, subfamily Ilytheinae (Edmiston and Mathis, 2005).
Hyadinini includes (besides abovementioned 2 genera) genera: Axysta, Hyadina, Lytogaster, Parahyadina, Parydroptera, Pelina, Pelinoides, Pseudohyadina.B)