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Hi,
1) It is not only criterion, second (except of genitalia) are setae before hind margin of mesopleura (brachypterna - absent, dupliciseta - present)
2) I dont know from these photos
3) I forgot the almost new (2004) species Scoliocentra collini, it is extremly similar to S. brachypterna, but S. collini has yellow palpi. This specimen has yellow palpi, so that may be S. collini (but this species can be distinctly separate from S. brachypterna by male genitalia). Wait to Andrzej, may be tell more.
4) I am afraid, i can not help you, I use key from L. Papp (only in Hungarian, I have Czech translation) and key from Stackelberg (only in Russian).
Katka